Iranian dissidents turn to Turkey for sanctuary
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As the crackdown by Tehran continues, a growing number of Iranians are fleeing the country. Often they head first to neighbouring Turkey, one of the few places Iranians can travel to freely. Yet those who have crossed the border say Turkey is not quite the safe haven it first appears.
Two men accused of participating in last summer's anti-government demonstrations were executed today in Iran. These are believed to be the first executions related to the protests.
Reports claim that thousands of people who've been imprisoned during the crackdown have been tortured, raped and even murdered. Given this tense political climate, many Iranians who took part in the protests or have opposition connections are eyeing an escape route.
Turkey is a popular destination. Iranians do not need a visa, so it is easy for them to cross the border. But once in the country things become more problematic. Turkish law prevents them from claiming asylum seeker status or permanent residence and their safety is not guaranteed.
According to Iranian opposition organisations, refugees in Turkey are still at risk of harassment and even assault by Tehran's intelligence agents. Many exiles report being afraid to phone relatives back in Iran in case these family members suffer reprisals.
Such fears are exacerbated by the recent strengthening of the diplomatic relationship between Ankara and Tehran. Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan has stated that he would not comment on the post-election turmoil in Iran as that would amount to "interference" in his neighbour's domestic affairs.
In light of this, the Iranian refugees - many of whom are actively involved in opposition activities - are proving something of headache for Ankara. Their presence is a stumbling block to better relations with Iran, yet it is well aware that its handling of the situation is being carefully watched by the European Union, which has strict human rights criteria as part of its membership process.
